What is the primary focus of behaviorism in psychology?

• A. Internal thoughts and feelings.
• B. Observational learning.
• C. Observable behaviors and environmental factors.
• D. Emotional responses and interpretations.

Answer: (C)

The primary focus of behaviorism in psychology is on observable behaviors and environmental factors. This psychological perspective emphasizes the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning, which occurs as a response to stimuli in the environment. Behaviorists believe that the only valid way to study psychology is through direct observation, rather than trying to infer mental states or internal processes. This means that behaviorists analyze how environmental conditions and reinforcement or punishment shapes an individual's actions.

By concentrating on measurable behaviors rather than introspective reports of thoughts or feelings, behaviorism offers a more objective approach to understanding human and animal behavior. This focus has been influential in various fields, including education and therapy, where behavioral techniques are applied to promote learning and behavioral change.