Which psychological theory emphasizes the role of interpersonal relationships in self-concept development?

• A. Behaviorism
• B. Gestalt psychology
• C. Symbolic interactionism
• D. Cognitive theory

Answer: (C)

The correct answer highlights the significance of interpersonal relationships in shaping an individual's self-concept through the lens of symbolic interactionism. This sociological perspective posits that people develop and understand their identities through social interactions and the meanings they attach to those interactions. According to this theory, self-concept emerges as individuals engage with others, reflecting the feedback they receive about themselves. The continuous dialogue with peers and society ultimately informs how they perceive their own identity and roles.

In contrast, behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and their reinforcement and does not delve into the internal processes or interactions that shape self-perception. Gestalt psychology centers on holistic views of perception rather than the social influences on self-concept development. Cognitive theory examines the mental processes involved in understanding the world but does not emphasize the relational aspects that are pivotal in forming self-identity. Symbolic interactionism uniquely underscores the critical role of social interactions in developing an individual's sense of self.